Gita Rahasya or the Science of Karma Yoga (also known as Bhagavad-gita-rahasya or Karma-yoga Shastra) is a commentary on the Bhagavad Gita by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, also known as Lokamanya Tilak, a prominent Indian nationalist, scholar, and independence activist. Written during his imprisonment in Mandalay, Burma (now Myanmar), and published in 1915, the book presents Tilak's interpretation of the Gita, emphasizing the path of Karma Yoga – selfless action – as the most appropriate path to liberation and social upliftment.Tilak wrote Gita Rahasya to provide a clear and accessible explanation of the Bhagavad Gita's teachings, particularly for those engaged in the struggle for Indian independence. He aimed to counter the prevailing interpretation that emphasized renunciation (sannyasa) as the ideal path, arguing instead that the Gita advocates for active engagement in the world through selfless action. Tilak posited a Philosophy of Energism (Karma Yoga Shastra) advocating that Jnana-Karma-Bhakti Yoga is the esoteric import of the Gita. Tilak's commentary covers the entirety of the Bhagavad Gita, systematically analyzing each verse and chapter to support his central thesis. He examines the philosophical foundations of Karma Yoga, its practical implications for individuals and society, and its relevance to the pursuit of both spiritual liberation and social justice. Tilak's Gita Rahasya expounds the Hindu Philosophy of Life, Ethics and Religion.

Reinterpretation of the Gita: Tilak offered a fresh interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita, challenging the traditional emphasis on renunciation and highlighting the importance of action78. Inspiration for Indian Nationalism: The book provided a philosophical foundation for Indian nationalism, encouraging individuals to actively work for the betterment of society and the attainment of self-rule (swaraj)3. Synthesis of Spirituality and Social Action: Tilak demonstrated the compatibility of spiritual pursuits and social engagement, arguing that selfless action is a form of spiritual practice. Accessible Scholarship: Tilak presented complex philosophical concepts in a clear and accessible manner, making the Gita's teachings relevant to a wider audience. Call to Action: Lokamanya Tilak’s Gita Rahasya has been greatly admired because it gives us a call for action to build an independent India.

Karma Yoga (Selfless Action): The central theme of the book is the advocacy of Karma Yoga as the primary path to liberation. Tilak emphasizes that action is an intrinsic part of life and that individuals should perform their duties without attachment to the results. He argued that this selfless action, performed with dedication and a spirit of service, is a means of self-purification and spiritual growth. Nishkam Karma (Desireless Action): Tilak stresses the importance of performing actions without selfish motives or desires for personal gain. This desireless action, or Nishkam Karma, leads to freedom from the bondage of karma and the attainment of liberation. A Karma-yogi with desireless action attains to Brahman as well as realizes all things and beings together in One. He performs desireless action or Niskama-karma for good of all. Dharma (Duty): Understanding and fulfilling one's duty (dharma) is another significant theme. Tilak encourages individuals to recognize their unique roles and responsibilities in life and to carry them out with dedication and sincerity. By acting according to their dharma, individuals contribute to the welfare of society and uphold the cosmic order. Lokasamgraha (Welfare of the World): Tilak emphasizes that the goal of action should be the lokasamgraha, the good of the world. Actions should be performed with the intention of benefiting others and contributing to the well-being of society as a whole. This concept of lokasamgraha links individual liberation with social responsibility. Synthesis of Jnana, Karma, and Bhakti: Tilak harmonizes the three paths of Jnana (knowledge), Karma (action), and Bhakti (devotion), arguing that they are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. He asserts that true knowledge leads to selfless action, which in turn fosters devotion and ultimately leads to liberation. Lokamanya Tilak says that in Gita, all Yogas are blended into one. In this respect, the word ‘one’ used by him in his speech is very significant. The deep meaning behind the word ‘one’ is that, if we drop any one of those three Yogas, the highest goal kept before us by Adhyatma is not attainable. Transcending the Gunas: Tilak discusses the influence of the three gunas (qualities or attributes) – Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas – on human behavior and actions. He emphasizes the importance of cultivating Sattva (purity, harmony) and transcending the influence of Rajas (activity, passion) and Tamas (inertia, ignorance) to perform selfless actions and attain spiritual growth. In Karma Yoga, the goal is to transcend the influence of the lower gunas (rajas and tamas) and cultivate sattva, the pure and harmonious quality. Importance of Ethics: According to his say (quoted in gist and that too in brief), “the ‘Jnana’ contains the three major and very vitally important things viz- 1)Shudhabuddhi, 2)Shudhavasana and 3)Shudhaacharan (Pure Conduct). A man who takes those three things fully into the mind becomes inwardly and outwardly pure. He becomes true devotee of the Atman, and he alone attains Release.

Influence on Indian Nationalism: The book inspired generations of Indian nationalists, providing a philosophical framework for their struggle against British rule. Reinterpretation of Hindu Scriptures: It offered a new perspective on the Bhagavad Gita, making its teachings more relevant to the challenges of modern life. Synthesis of Traditional and Modern Values: Tilak's work bridged the gap between traditional Indian values and modern ideals of social justice and political activism. Promotion of Social Reform: By emphasizing the importance of selfless action and social responsibility, the book encouraged individuals to work for the betterment of society. Scholarly Appreciation: Lokamanya Tilak’s ‘Gita Rahasya’ has been greatly admired because it gives us a call for action to build an independent India.

Mobilization of Nationalist Sentiments: The book played a crucial role in mobilizing nationalist sentiments and inspiring individuals to participate in the Indian independence movement. Promotion of Social Activism: It encouraged individuals to actively engage in social reform and work towards creating a more just and equitable society. Rejection of Passivity: The book countered the notion that spirituality requires withdrawal from the world, inspiring individuals to embrace a life of active engagement and service. Ethical Foundation for Politics: Tilak provided an ethical foundation for political action, emphasizing the importance of integrity, selflessness, and dedication to the common good. Influence on Gandhian Thought: While Gandhi differed with Tilak on certain aspects, Tilak's emphasis on selfless action and social responsibility influenced Gandhian thought and the broader Indian independence movement.

Gita Rahasya or the Science of Karma Yoga by Bal Gangadhar Tilak is a seminal work that offers a powerful interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita, emphasizing the path of selfless action as the key to both individual liberation and social transformation. Its cultural significance lies in its inspiration to the Indian nationalist movement, its reinterpretation of Hindu scriptures, and its enduring message of ethical action and social responsibility. The book’s effect on the country and society is evident in its mobilization of nationalist sentiments, its promotion of social activism, and its lasting influence on Indian thought and politics. Related.

\\\"Gita Rahasya or The Science of Karma Yoga, Volume 1\\\" by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, published in 1935, is a significant philosophical work that explores the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita with a focus on Karma Yoga, the path of selfless action. This volume provides a comprehensive interpretation of the Gita, relating its principles to both personal conduct and social responsibilities.Brief Overview: Purpose and Approach:Objective: Tilak?s aim is to elucidate the practical and philosophical dimensions of Karma Yoga as presented in the Bhagavad Gita. He seeks to make the ancient teachings relevant to contemporary life and social issues. Method: The work combines a detailed analysis of the Gita?s text with philosophical commentary, offering both an exegesis and a practical guide for applying the principles of Karma Yoga. Key Themes:Karma Yoga: Central to the volume is the concept of Karma Yoga, which emphasizes performing one?s duty selflessly, without attachment to the results. Tilak interprets this as a path to spiritual growth and ethical living. Dharma: The concept of Dharma (duty or righteousness) is explored in depth, including its importance in guiding one?s actions and decisions in alignment with moral and ethical principles. Self and Detachment: The book discusses the nature of the Self (Atman) and the importance of detachment from the fruits of actions as a means to attain spiritual liberation and inner peace. Historical and Philosophical Context:Background: Tilak provides historical and philosophical context to the Gita, situating it within the broader framework of Hindu thought and addressing its relevance to contemporary issues of his time. Application: The volume includes practical insights into how the teachings of Karma Yoga can be applied in various aspects of life, including personal conduct and social responsibilities. Impact and Legacy:Influence: Tilak?s interpretation has been influential in Indian philosophy, particularly in the context of modern interpretations of the Gita. His approach bridges traditional teachings with contemporary social and ethical concerns. Legacy: The work remains a key text for understanding the Bhagavad Gita?s philosophy and its application to practical life, contributing to discussions on ethics, duty, and spiritual practice. \\\"Gita Rahasya or The Science of Karma Yoga, Volume 1\\\" offers a deep and insightful exploration of the Bhagavad Gita?s teachings, focusing on Karma Yoga. Bal Gangadhar Tilak?s interpretation emphasizes the relevance of these ancient teachings to modern life, providing a thoughtful analysis of duty, action, and spiritual growth.