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Description	S. Balachander (Sundaram Balachander, 18 January 1927 – 13 April 1990) was a renowned Indian veena virtuoso, acclaimed filmmaker, and musicologist. He was celebrated for his self-taught mastery of the veena, becoming one of southern India's foremost exponents of the instrument. Instrument: Veena (South Indian lute) Style: Known for his purist approach to Carnatic music and technical brilliance, Balachander was a child prodigy who taught himself to play the veena. Musicology: He was also a noted musicologist, often engaging in debates about musical traditions and authenticity, sometimes leading to controversies with other musicians. Recognition: Awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1982 for his contributions to Indian music. Early Start: Began as a child artist in Tamil cinema, appearing in films like Seetha Kalyanam (1934). Director & Composer: Directed, produced, and composed music for several films, notably: Andha Naal (1954), a pioneering Tamil film noir thriller. Other directorial works include En Kanavar (1948), Kaithi (1951), Edi Nijam (1956), Bommai (1964), and Nadu Iravil (1970). Cinematic Style: His films often reflected influences from Western genres like film noir and detective fiction, aiming to introduce these styles to Indian audiences. Music in Films: While a traditionalist in classical music, his film scores displayed eclectic influences, including jazz and Western classical music. Outspoken Figure: Known for his acerbic wit and combative style, Balachander was a colorful and sometimes controversial figure in the Indian music scene, challenging established norms and musicians. Death: Passed away from a heart attack at age 63 while on a concert tour in Bhilai, Chhattisgarh. Honors: In addition to the Padma Bhushan, he received awards such as the Sangeetha Kalasikhamani and Certificates of Merit for his films.
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